Academic standards defining learning outcomes for degree programs originate from university curriculum committees. The implementation responsibility f...

GMAT Craft and Structure : (Structure) Questions

Source: Prism

Craft and Structure

Words in Context

EASY

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Academic standards defining learning outcomes for degree programs originate from university curriculum committees. The implementation responsibility falls to individual faculty members, who ______ these established standards by creating specific coursework and assessment methods that maintain alignment with institutional requirements.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

debate

modify

actualize

reference

Solution

Step 1: Decode and Map the Passage

Part A: Create Passage Analysis Table

Text from Passage	Analysis
'Academic standards defining learning outcomes for degree programs originate from university curriculum committees.'	What it says: Standards for degrees created by univ committees What it does: Introduces where academic standards come from What it is: Context/background
'The implementation responsibility falls to individual faculty members, who'	What it says: Faculty responsible for implementing What it does: Explains who handles putting standards into practice What it is: Transition to main action
[MISSING WORD/PHRASE]	What it is: Missing logical connector
'these established standards by creating specific coursework and assessment methods that maintain alignment with institutional requirements.'	What it says: Faculty create courses and tests that match requirements What it does: Explains how faculty carry out their implementation responsibility What it is: Method/process description

Part B: Provide Passage Architecture and Core Elements

Main Point: Faculty members take academic standards created by committees and turn them into concrete educational practice through specific courses and assessments.

Argument Flow: The passage moves from abstract (where standards come from) to concrete (how they get implemented), with the missing word describing the crucial action that bridges these two levels.

Step 2: Interpret the Question Precisely

This is a fill-in-the-blank question asking us to choose the best logical connector. The answer must create the right relationship between what comes before and after the blank.

Step 3: Prethink the Answer

We need a word that describes what faculty members do with 'these established standards' when they create coursework and assessments
The word should capture the action of taking abstract standards and making them concrete through practical educational activities
It is about turning policy into practice, making theoretical standards real through actual courses and tests

Answer Choices Explained

debate

✗ Incorrect

'Debate' suggests arguing or discussing the standards
This does not fit because faculty are not questioning the standards, they are implementing them

modify

✗ Incorrect

'Modify' means to change or alter the standards
This contradicts the goal of maintaining 'alignment with institutional requirements'

actualize

✓ Correct

'Actualize' means to make something real or concrete
Perfect fit: faculty take abstract standards and make them real through specific courses and assessments
Captures the transformation from committee-created policy to classroom practice

reference

✗ Incorrect

'Reference' means to mention or refer to something
Too passive - simply referring to standards does not fulfill 'implementation responsibility'

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