During their academic investigation, a researcher compiled these observations:Dr. Maria Santos developed expertise in immunotherapy methodologies whil...
GMAT Expression of Ideas : (Expression) Questions
During their academic investigation, a researcher compiled these observations:
- Dr. Maria Santos developed expertise in immunotherapy methodologies while completing postdoctoral research in Switzerland
- In 2018, Santos became part of a scientific team exploring innovative cancer treatment options
- The team's published research predominantly utilized immunotherapy strategies comparable to those Santos had learned internationally
- While Santos appeared as co-author on these publications, her individual contributions remained unspecified
- Medical historians conclude that Santos served as the lead investigator for the team's significant findings, basing this assessment on the methodological techniques employed
The researcher seeks to explain the reasoning behind medical historians' conclusion that Santos was the lead investigator. Which option most effectively incorporates pertinent details from the observations to achieve this objective?
Santos became part of a scientific team that released research utilizing immunotherapy strategies she had developed in Switzerland.
Since the team's research utilized immunotherapy techniques that Santos had developed expertise in during her Swiss postdoctoral work, medical historians conclude she served as the lead investigator for the findings.
Medical historians conclude Santos served as the lead investigator, despite the fact that her individual contributions remained unspecified in the published research.
Dr. Santos, who developed immunotherapy expertise during her postdoctoral research, is considered by historians to have served as the lead investigator for her team's findings.
Step 1: Decode and Map the Passage
Create Passage Analysis Table
| Text from Passage | Analysis |
|---|---|
| "Dr. Maria Santos developed expertise in immunotherapy methodologies while completing postdoctoral research in Switzerland" |
|
| "In 2018, Santos became part of a scientific team exploring innovative cancer treatment options" |
|
| "The team's published research predominantly utilized immunotherapy strategies comparable to those Santos had learned internationally" |
|
| "While Santos appeared as co-author on these publications, her individual contributions remained unspecified" |
|
| "Medical historians conclude that Santos served as the lead investigator for the team's significant findings, basing this assessment on the methodological techniques employed" |
|
Provide Passage Architecture & Core Elements
Main Point: Medical historians conclude Santos was the lead investigator because the team's research methods matched her specialized expertise from Switzerland.
Step 2: Interpret the Question Precisely
This is a fill-in-the-blank question asking us to choose the best logical connector. The answer must create the right relationship between what comes before and after the blank.
Step 3: Prethink the Answer
- The historians' reasoning follows a logical chain: Santos had specialized immunotherapy expertise from her Swiss research, the team's published research used immunotherapy strategies comparable to what she had learned internationally, and therefore historians conclude she was the lead investigator based on these methodological techniques.
Santos became part of a scientific team that released research utilizing immunotherapy strategies she had developed in Switzerland.
✗ Incorrect
- Claims Santos "developed" the immunotherapy strategies in Switzerland
- The passage says she "developed expertise in" these methodologies, not that she created them
Since the team's research utilized immunotherapy techniques that Santos had developed expertise in during her Swiss postdoctoral work, medical historians conclude she served as the lead investigator for the findings.
✓ Correct
- Accurately connects Santos's Swiss expertise to the team's use of similar techniques
- Shows the logical reasoning: expertise matches methods, therefore historians conclude leadership
Medical historians conclude Santos served as the lead investigator, despite the fact that her individual contributions remained unspecified in the published research.
✗ Incorrect
- States the historians' conclusion but emphasizes that her contributions were "unspecified"
- This detail works against explaining their reasoning rather than supporting it
Dr. Santos, who developed immunotherapy expertise during her postdoctoral research, is considered by historians to have served as the lead investigator for her team's findings.
✗ Incorrect
- Simply states that Santos is considered the lead investigator
- Doesn't explain the reasoning behind the historians' conclusion