Marcus Rodriguez pitched his sustainable packaging startup to twelve venture capital firms in 2019. Every single firm rejected his proposal,...
GMAT Expression of Ideas : (Expression) Questions
Marcus Rodriguez pitched his sustainable packaging startup to twelve venture capital firms in 2019. Every single firm rejected his proposal, citing concerns about market readiness and manufacturing costs. _____ within six months, he had secured major contracts with three Fortune 500 companies who approached him directly after seeing his presentation at a trade show.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Likewise,
Nevertheless,
Therefore,
Subsequently,
Step 1: Decode and Map the Passage
Part A: Create Passage Analysis Table
| Text from Passage | Analysis |
|---|---|
| 'Marcus Rodriguez pitched his sustainable packaging startup to twelve venture capital firms in 2019.' |
|
| 'Every single firm rejected his proposal, citing concerns about market readiness and manufacturing costs.' |
|
| '[MISSING TRANSITION]' |
|
| 'within six months, he had secured major contracts with three Fortune 500 companies who approached him directly after seeing his presentation at a trade show.' |
|
Part B: Provide Passage Architecture & Core Elements
Visual Structure Map:
INITIAL EFFORT: Marcus pitches to 12 VC firms (2019)
COMPLETE FAILURE: All 12 firms reject proposal
MISSING CONNECTOR
UNEXPECTED SUCCESS: 3 Fortune 500 contracts via trade show (6 months)
Main Point: Despite being rejected by all venture capital firms, Marcus Rodriguez quickly found success through an alternative path.
Argument Flow: The passage establishes Marcus initial failure with traditional funding sources, then shows how he achieved success through a completely different approach. The missing transition needs to highlight this contrast between failure and success.
Step 2: Interpret the Question Precisely
This is a fill-in-the-blank question asking us to choose the best logical connector. The answer must create the right relationship between what comes before and after the blank.
Step 3: Prethink the Answer
- Based on our analysis, we need a transition that shows the contrast between two opposing outcomes - complete rejection by all VC firms versus successful contracts with major companies
- The logical function needed here is to signal contradiction or contrast, not similarity, cause-effect, or simple time sequence
- The relationship type needed is contrast/contradiction because what happens after the blank directly contradicts the failure described before it
- So the right answer should signal that despite the rejections, something contrary happened
Likewise,
- Likewise signals similarity or agreement between ideas
- This would suggest getting Fortune 500 contracts was similar to being rejected by VC firms
Nevertheless,
- Nevertheless signals contrast or contradiction, meaning despite what was just said
- Perfectly captures the relationship: despite all rejections, he succeeded
- Matches our prethinking about needing a contrast connector
Therefore,
- Therefore signals cause and effect
- This would suggest the Fortune 500 success happened because of the VC rejections
Subsequently,
- Subsequently only signals time sequence (what happened next)
- While chronologically correct, it misses the crucial contrast between failure and success