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Medical researchers often _____ patient testimonials in clinical studies because anecdotal evidence lacks the statistical rigor required for peer-revi...

GMAT Craft and Structure : (Structure) Questions

Source: Prism
Craft and Structure
Words in Context
MEDIUM
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Notes
Post a Query

Medical researchers often _____ patient testimonials in clinical studies because anecdotal evidence lacks the statistical rigor required for peer-reviewed publication in scientific journals.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A

incorporate

B

reference

C

dismiss

D

analyze

Solution

Step 1: Decode and Map the Passage

Create Passage Analysis Table

Text from PassageAnalysis
"Medical researchers often"
  • What it says: Med researchers frequently
  • What it does: Introduces the subject and frequency
  • What it is: Opening context
"[MISSING WORD/PHRASE]"
  • What it is: Missing logical connector
"patient testimonials in clinical studies"
  • What it says: Patient stories in research
  • What it does: Identifies what researchers do something with
  • What it is: Object of action
"because anecdotal evidence lacks the statistical rigor required for peer-reviewed publication in scientific journals"
  • What it says: Personal stories do not equal statistical proof needed for science journals
  • What it does: Explains the reasoning behind researchers' action
  • What it is: Causal explanation

Provide Passage Architecture & Core Elements

Main Point: Medical researchers typically reject patient testimonials because personal stories do not meet the statistical standards required for scientific publication.

Argument Flow: The passage presents a cause-and-effect relationship where researchers take a specific action regarding patient testimonials, and this action is justified by the inadequacy of anecdotal evidence for rigorous scientific standards.

Step 2: Interpret the Question Precisely

This is a fill-in-the-blank question asking us to choose the best logical connector. The answer must create the right relationship between what comes before and after the blank.

Step 3: Prethink the Answer

  • The logical relationship here is clear from our analysis
  • We have researchers doing something with patient testimonials, and the reason given is that anecdotal evidence lacks statistical rigor needed for scientific publication
  • Since the evidence is inadequate for scientific standards, researchers would logically reject or disregard these testimonials rather than use them
  • The right answer should show researchers rejecting patient testimonials because they do not meet scientific standards
Answer Choices Explained
A

incorporate

incorporate
✗ Incorrect

  • This means to include or integrate testimonials into studies
  • This contradicts the logic of the sentence - if testimonials lack rigor, researchers would not include them
B

reference

reference
✗ Incorrect

  • This means to mention or cite testimonials
  • While less direct than "incorporate," this still suggests researchers use testimonials in their work
  • This does not align with the reasoning that testimonials lack statistical rigor
C

dismiss

dismiss
✓ Correct

  • This means to reject or disregard as inadequate
  • Perfectly matches our prethinking - researchers reject testimonials because they lack statistical rigor
  • Creates a logical cause-effect relationship with the "because" clause
D

analyze

analyze
✗ Incorrect

  • This means to examine systematically
  • While researchers might analyze testimonials, this does not connect logically with the reason given
  • The "because" clause explains inadequacy, not the need for analysis
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