Medical researchers often _____ patient testimonials in clinical studies because anecdotal evidence lacks the statistical rigor required for peer-revi...
GMAT Craft and Structure : (Structure) Questions
Medical researchers often _____ patient testimonials in clinical studies because anecdotal evidence lacks the statistical rigor required for peer-reviewed publication in scientific journals.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
incorporate
reference
dismiss
analyze
Step 1: Decode and Map the Passage
Create Passage Analysis Table
| Text from Passage | Analysis |
|---|---|
| "Medical researchers often" |
|
| "[MISSING WORD/PHRASE]" |
|
| "patient testimonials in clinical studies" |
|
| "because anecdotal evidence lacks the statistical rigor required for peer-reviewed publication in scientific journals" |
|
Provide Passage Architecture & Core Elements
Main Point: Medical researchers typically reject patient testimonials because personal stories do not meet the statistical standards required for scientific publication.
Argument Flow: The passage presents a cause-and-effect relationship where researchers take a specific action regarding patient testimonials, and this action is justified by the inadequacy of anecdotal evidence for rigorous scientific standards.
Step 2: Interpret the Question Precisely
This is a fill-in-the-blank question asking us to choose the best logical connector. The answer must create the right relationship between what comes before and after the blank.
Step 3: Prethink the Answer
- The logical relationship here is clear from our analysis
- We have researchers doing something with patient testimonials, and the reason given is that anecdotal evidence lacks statistical rigor needed for scientific publication
- Since the evidence is inadequate for scientific standards, researchers would logically reject or disregard these testimonials rather than use them
- The right answer should show researchers rejecting patient testimonials because they do not meet scientific standards
incorporate
incorporate
✗ Incorrect
- This means to include or integrate testimonials into studies
- This contradicts the logic of the sentence - if testimonials lack rigor, researchers would not include them
reference
reference
✗ Incorrect
- This means to mention or cite testimonials
- While less direct than "incorporate," this still suggests researchers use testimonials in their work
- This does not align with the reasoning that testimonials lack statistical rigor
dismiss
dismiss
✓ Correct
- This means to reject or disregard as inadequate
- Perfectly matches our prethinking - researchers reject testimonials because they lack statistical rigor
- Creates a logical cause-effect relationship with the "because" clause
analyze
analyze
✗ Incorrect
- This means to examine systematically
- While researchers might analyze testimonials, this does not connect logically with the reason given
- The "because" clause explains inadequacy, not the need for analysis