The establishment of Hull House in Chicago in 1889 offered essential social services to struggling immigrant communities and _____ a...

Let's begin by understanding the meaning of this sentence. We'll use our understanding of pause points and segment the sentence as shown - understanding and assimilating the meaning of each segment bit by bit!

Sentence Structure

• The establishment of Hull House in Chicago in 1889
  • offered essential social services
    • to struggling immigrant communities
  • and
  • (?) a transformative model
    • for the settlement house movement
      • that spread across urban America.

Understanding the Meaning

Let's read from the beginning and understand what this sentence is telling us:

• 'The establishment of Hull House in Chicago in 1889'
  • This is talking about when Hull House was founded - in Chicago, in 1889.
  • 'The establishment' is our subject - the founding/creation of this place.
• 'offered essential social services to struggling immigrant communities'
  • This tells us the first thing the establishment of Hull House did.
  • It provided important services to immigrant communities who were struggling.
• 'and'
  • This connecting word tells us we're about to hear a second thing the establishment did.

Now here's where we need to fill in the blank:

• '_____ a transformative model for the settlement house movement'

Let's look at our choices:

• We're deciding between different forms of the verb "create": creating, had created, create, created

What do we need here? Let's think about what we've seen so far:

• One subject: "the establishment"
• Two actions connected by "and":
  • offered essential social services
  • [blank] a transformative model

When you have one subject doing two things connected by "and," those actions need to match in form. This creates balance in the sentence.

• "offered" is in past tense (it happened in 1889)
• So we need the second verb also in past tense: "created"

So we need created (Choice D).

Now let's read the rest to see the complete picture:

• 'that spread across urban America'
  • This tells us more about the settlement house movement - it spread across cities in America.

The complete meaning is:

• When Hull House was established in 1889, it did two important things:
  • It provided essential services to immigrant communities, AND
  • It created a model that other settlement houses followed across America.

Grammar Concept Applied

Parallel Structure with Compound Verbs

When you have one subject performing multiple actions connected by "and" (this is called a compound predicate in grammar terms), those verbs need to be in the same form and tense to create parallel structure:

Pattern:

• Subject + Verb₁ + and + Verb₂
• Verb₁ and Verb₂ must match

Example 1:

• The scientist conducted experiments and published her findings.
• Both verbs in simple past
• Same subject doing two actions

Example 2 (Incorrect):

• The scientist conducted experiments and publishing her findings.
• "conducted" (past) doesn't match "publishing" (present participle)
• Breaks parallel structure

In our question:

• The establishment offered services and created a model.
• Both verbs in simple past tense
• Same subject ("the establishment") performing both actions
• Connected by "and"
• Perfect parallel structure